Ivacuum zomisa umkhenkce zizixhobo zokomisa ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ezisusa ukufuma kwimathiriyeli ngobushushu obuphantsi-buncinci. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kukutya, kumayeza, kwiimveliso zebhayoloji, nakumashishini ekhemikhali. Umgaqo wabo ongundoqo kukuthoba ubushushu bezinto eziphathekayo ngaphantsi kwendawo yokukhenkceza kwindawo epholileyo, ebangela ukufuma ukuba kufakwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-sublimate ukusuka kwisiqina ukuya kwimeko yegesi, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwa umonakalo kwizinto ezisebenzayo zezinto ezibangelwa ubushushu obuphezulu. Ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo zendlela yokusetyenziswa kwimiba emithathu:-ulungiselelo lomsebenzi, iinkqubo zokusebenza, kunye nezilumkiso.
Phambi{0}}uLungiselelo lokusebenza
Ukuhlolwa kweZixhobo: Qinisekisa ukuba umgibe obandayo, impompo yokufunxa, inkqubo yokufudumeza, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula zikwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza. Jonga ukuba ubushushu bomgibe obandayo bufikelele kwixabiso elibekiweyo (elihlala lifuna kwangaphambili-ukupholisa ukuya ngaphantsi kwe--40℃), ukuba inqanaba le-oyile yempompo yokufutha ingaphakathi kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuba amakhonkco okutywina alungile.
Unyango lwangaphambili lweMathiriyeli: Yenza{0}}unyango lokukhenkceza kwangaphambili ngokweempawu zezinto. Umzekelo, izinto zokutya kufuneka zifakwe emkhenkceni -30℃ukuya -40℃for 12-24 hours ukuqinisekisa umkhenkce opheleleyo; izinto zokwenza amayeza zifuna amazinga okukhenkceza alawulwayo ukuphepha ukonakala kwekristale. Ukungonelanga kwangaphambili kweqhwa kunokukhokelela ekuweni ngexesha le-sublimation, echaphazela umgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo.
Ukulayishwa kunye nokuBeka: Ukusabalalisa izinto ngokulinganayo kwiitreyi eziphathekayo, kunye nobukhulu obucetyiswayo be-5-10mm. Iitreyi ezininzi kufuneka zigcine isithuba (umz., 38mm) ukunqanda ukuthintela ukusasazwa komphunga. Kwizinto ezinamacandelo aguquguqukayo, sebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezinokungena komoya okulungileyo.
Iinkqubo zokuSebenza
Phambi-Inqanaba lokukhenkceza: Cwangcisa iqondo lomkhenkce langaphambili-(-40℃to -50℃) kunye nexesha (lungisa ngokobungakanani bemathiriyeli, ngokuqhelekileyo iiyure ezi-2-4) ngephaneli yolawulo ekrelekrele. Ngeli nqanaba, qinisekisa ukuba ubushushu bomgibe obubandayo buzinzile ukunqanda ukwakheka kwekristale yomkhenkce ngokugqithisileyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kobushushu.
Vacuuming kunye ne-Sublimation Dryimation: Emva kokuba-phambi komkhenkce, qalisa impompo yokufunxa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwesixokelelwano lube ngaphantsi kwe-10Pa (ukufumana uvacuum oqhelekileyo we-5Pa phantsi{3}}umthwalo). Ngeli xesha, umkhenkce kwizinto eziphathekayo uqala ukuthotywa, kufuna amandla avela kwi-conductive system yokufudumala (umzekelo, ukufudumeza kweshelufu). Ubushushu bokufudumala kufuneka bunyuswe ngokuthe ngcembe (kucetyiswa ukuba uqale ukusuka -20℃, ukwandisa nge-5-10℃kwinqanaba ngalinye) ukuphepha ukufudumala kwendawo.
Inqanaba Lokomisa I-Desorption: Xa ubushushu bezinto eziphathekayo busondela kwiqondo lokushisa, i-desorption drying stage iqala. Ngeli xesha, izinga le-vacuum kufuneka lincitshiswe ngakumbi (ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2 Pa), kwaye ukushisa kweshelufu kwanda ukuya kuma-30-50℃ukususa amanzi asele. Ngeli nqanaba, umboniso wobushushu besampulu udinga ukubekwa esweni okuqhubekayo ukuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo ekubangeleni i-denaturation yezinto.
Ukuvala kunye neSampuli: Emva kokumisa, cima kuqala inkqubo yokufudumeza, uze ucime impompo yokucoca emva kokuba ubushushu bezinto buyehla kwiqondo lokushisa. Ekugqibeleni, yazisa ukomisa i-nitrogen ukuze uphule i-vacuum kwaye ususe izinto. Kwimathiriyeli yexabiso-ephezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iqhosha elinye-lomsebenzi wokucima umbane ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza isixhobo kwisimo saso sesiqhelo.
