Izixhobo zokumisa umkhenkce ezifunxayo, ezikwaziwa njengezomisi zomkhenkce, zinezicelo ezibanzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Ziza kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo kwaye zinokuhlelwa ngeendlela ezininzi ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuhlela.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweFom yoLwakhiwo
Ibhokisi-uhlobo lweVacuum Freeze Dryer
Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yolwakhiwo. Ngokwesiqhelo siquka indawo yokukhenkceza-igumbi lokomisa, icondenser, kunye neyunithi yempompo yokufunxa. Umkhenkce-igumbi lokomisa kulapho izinto eziza kuba ngumkhenkce{4}}zibekwe khona; ngokuqhelekileyo sisakhiwo sebhokisi yesikwere esineshelufa ezininzi ngaphakathi ukuxhasa iitreyi zezinto eziphathekayo. Ezi shelufu zingaba ngubushushu{6}}zilawuleke ukunika indawo efanelekileyo yokukhenkceza{7}}imekobume yokomisa yemathiriyeli. I-condenser inoxanduva lokuthatha umphunga wamanzi angaphantsi kwe-sublimated kwaye iwuhlanganise ube ngumkhenkce ngenkqubo yesikhenkcisi ukugcina imo engqongileyo yevacuum ngexesha lomkhenkce{9}}inkqubo yokomisa. Umsebenzi weyunithi yempompo yokufunxa kukukhupha irhasi ngaphakathi komkhenkce{11}}igumbi lokumisa ukwenza inqanaba lokufunxa elifunekayo. Ibhokisi -uhlobo lwezomisi zofunxa zokukhenkcisa zilungele ukukhenkceza{14}}ukomisa imathiriyeli eyahlukeneyo, idlala indima entle kuphando oluncinane{15}}kwilabhu yophando kunye nolingo{16}}imveliso. Kushishino lokutya, ingasetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza{18}}ukomisa izithako ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezilayi zeziqhamo kunye nemifuno edayiweyo; kwintsimi yoxubo-mayeza, isoloko isetyenziselwa ukumisa imveliso{19}}yokomisa iibhetshi ezincinci zamayeza.
Isitshizi sokuFunxa esiQhubekayo sokuMkhenkcisa
Isishicileli sokukhenkceza esiqhubekayo sibonisa uyilo olulodwa lolwakhiwo oluvumela ukondla ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokukhutshwa kwemathiriyeli, ukuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya inkqubo yokutya, igumbi lokomisa, kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha. Inkqubo yokutyisa isoloko ithutha{2}}izinto ezinyangwe ngaphambili ukuya kwigumbi lokomisa ngesantya esilawulwayo. Igumbi lokumisa liqukethe imimandla emininzi yokusebenza apho izinto zihamba ngokukhenkceza, ukomiswa kwe-sublimation, kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Kwinkqubo yokukhupha, izinto ezomileyo ngokupheleleyo zikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo. Izixhobo zokucoca eziqhubekayo zokumisa zibonelela ngenzuzo ebalulekileyo kwimveliso{6}}enkulu, efana nemveliso yekofu ekhawulezileyo kunye nobisi lobisi. Indlela yokuvelisa eqhubekayo iqinisekisa ukuzinza komgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuhambelana ngelixa ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweSikali sokuSebenza
Isitshizi soMfuniselo seVacuum yokuMkhenkcisa
Izixhobo zokuvavanya zokukhenkcisa ivacuum zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kuphando lwaselabhoratri. Ezi zixhobo zincinci ngokobungakanani, zilula ngokwesakhiwo, kwaye kulula ukuzisebenza nokuzigcina. Umkhenkce-umthamo wokomisa ukhawulelwe, uphatha imiyinge emincinci yemathiriyeli, kwaye iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuphonononga kunye nophando lokukhenkceza{3}}iinkqubo zokomisa izixhobo ezitsha. Umzekelo, kuphuhliso lwamachiza amatsha kumaziko ophando, kuyafuneka ukukhenkceza{5}}ukoma imiyinge emincinci yeesampulu ukumisela eyona ndlela yokumisa umkhenkce{6}}iparamitha zokomisa, ezifana neqondo lobushushu, ivacuum, kunye nexesha. Izixhobo zokuvavanya zokumisa zingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno incinci yovavanyo -, ibonelela ngenkxaso yedata kunye nereferensi yenkqubo yovavanyo olulandelayo-lomlinganiselo kunye nemveliso{10}}enkulu. Igumbi labo lokomisa langaphakathi{12}}lincinci, linesithuba seshelufu esinyiniweyo, kwaye ulungiselelo lwesikhenkcezisi kunye neenkqubo zokufutha ziyilelwe ikakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo, ngaphandle kokufuna umthamo ophezulu kakhulu wemveliso.
I-Pilot{0}}Scale Vacuum Freeze Dry
I-pilot-isikali se-vacuum freezedryer sisixhobo phakathi kwemifuziselo yovavanyo kunye nemveliso{1}}yomlinganiselo. Umthamo wabo wokusetyenzwa uphuculwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nemifuziselo yovavanyo, kodwa usemncinci xa uthelekisa -nezixhobo zemveliso zomgangatho omkhulu. Izixhobo zokulinganisa-zemilinganiselo, kunye nolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kufutshane nemveliso{6}}yezixhobo zesikali, isebenza njengebhulorho ebalulekileyo yokuguqulela iziphumo zophando lwelabhoratri kwimveliso yoshishino. Ivumela umlinganiselo othe kratya{8}}uqinisekiso lokukhenkceza{9}}ienkqubo zokomisa ezisekwe kwisigaba sovavanyo, ukuhlola uzinzo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwazo kumlinganiselo omkhulu. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yeenkampani ezixuba amayeza ezisusa amachiza amatsha ukusuka kuphuhliso lwelabhoratri ukuya kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, i-pilot{11}}i-scale vacuum freeze dryer inokukhenkcisa{12}}inokomisa ibhetshi ethile yamachiza, iqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko sokukhetha izixhobo kunye nokucwangciswa kocweyo lwemveliso.
Imveliso- yokulinganisa iVacuum Freeze Dryers
Imveliso-isikali se-vacuum dryer dryer ziyilelwe imveliso enkulu-enkulu. Zibonisa izakhiwo ezinzima, imisebenzi enamandla, kunye nomthamo ophezulu wemveliso. Umkhenkce-amagumbi okomisa makhulu, aneeshelufu ezibanzi kwaye zininzi, ezikwaziyo ukuphatha izinto ezininzi zokukhenkceza{5}}. Izikhenkcezisi kunye neenkqubo zokufunxa nazo zomelele ngakumbi ukuhlangabezana{7}}nobushushu obuphantsi kunye nophezulu{8}}iimfuno zevacuum yeenkqubo ezinkulu{9}}zemveliso. Imveliso{11}}isikali sezixhobo zokumisa umkhenkce zidlala indima ephambili kwimveliso{12}}enkulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka ukutya, amayeza, kunye ne biopharmaceuticals. Kushishino lokutya, yenza ukuba umkhenkce{14}}ukoma kwezixa ezikhulu zemveliso yezolimo ukuvelisa{15}umgangatho ophezulu wokukhenkceza{16}ukutya okomileyo; kushishino loxubo mayeza, ingasetyenziselwa{17}}imveliso enkulu yokukhenkceza{18}}amayeza omisiweyo, eqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nonikezelo lwamayeza.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweNdlela yokuFundisa
Qhagamshelana ne-Heating Vacuum Freeze Dryer
Uqhagamshelwano lokufudumeza i-vacuum yokumisa i-dryer idlulisela ubushushu ngoqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwezinto kunye namashalofu ashushu, ukukhuthaza ukuthotywa komswakama kwizinto eziphathekayo. Iishelufu ezifudunyeziweyo ziqhele ukwenziwa ngezinto ezinokuhanjiswa okuhle kwe-thermal, njengensimbi engenasici. Ngexesha lomkhenkce{2}}lokomisa, izinto zifakwa kwiishelufu, kwaye inkqubo yokufudumeza ifudumeza iishelufu kubushushu obufanelekileyo. Ukushisa kudluliselwa kwizinto eziphathekayo ngokuqhagamshelana, kubangela ukuba umswakama kwizinto eziphathekayo ngokuthe ngcembe u-sublimate. I-advanteji yale ndlela yokufudumeza kukugqithisela ubushushu obuphezulu, obunyusa ngokufanelekileyo isantya somkhenkce{5}}sokoma. Nangona kunjalo, ikwanayo nemida ethile. Kwimathiriyeli enemilo engaqhelekanga okanye ezo zincamathele ngokulula kwiishelufa, zinokukhokelela kubushushu obungalinganiyo, obuchaphazela ukukhenkceza{8}}isiphumo sokoma. Izixhobo zokufudumeza zomkhenkce zoqhagamshelwano zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo apho ubume bemathiriyeli bungabalulekanga kwaye ukoma okukhawulezileyo kuyafuneka, okufana nomkhemikhali{11}}ukoma kwemathiriyeli ethile yekhemikhali ekrwada.
I-Radiation Heating Vacuum Umkhenkce isomisi
Imitha yokufudumeza ivacuum yokukhenkcisa izomisi zisebenzisa umgaqo wemitha yobushushu ukufudumeza imathiriyeli. Umthombo wokufudumeza ngemitha, onjengesibane sokufudumeza nge-infrared, ufakwe ngaphakathi kwindawo yokukhenkceza{1}}igumbi lokomisa. Imitha{3}}eshushu ivacuum eyomisa imikhenkce irhabula ngokuthe ngqo umphezulu wemathiriyeli, ibangela imathiriyeli ukuba ifunxe ubushushu kwaye ithobe ukufuma kwayo. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokufudumala ukufudumeza kwayo okufanayo, okungathintekiyo kwimilo okanye ukubekwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuqinisekisa ukufudumeza kwazo zonke iindawo eziphathekayo. Kwimathiriyeli ezifuna ukufudumeza okuphezulu okufanayo, okufana neemveliso zebhayoloji kunye -nonyango lwamayeza oluphezulu, i-radiation{7}}i-heated vacuum freeze dryers lukhetho olungcono. Nangona kunjalo, ukufudumeza ngemitha kunokusebenza okuphantsi, okunokubakho ixesha elide lokukhenkce{9}}amaxesha okumisa, kunye neendleko eziphezulu zezixhobo.
Ukuqhuba-Imitha eDityanisiweyo yokuFudumeza iVacuum yokuMkhenkcisa isisomisi
Ukuqhuba-imitha edityanisiweyo yokufudumeza ivacuum yokumisa imikhenkce idibanisa iingenelo zokufudumeza ukudibana kunye nokufudumeza ngemitha. Bahambisa ubushushu obuthile ngokunxibelelana phakathi kweeshelufa ezishushu kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, ngelixa bekwasebenzisa umthombo wokufudumeza ngemitha ukuhambisa ubushushu. Le ndlela yokufudumeza idityanisiwe inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza kwaye icuthe ixesha lomkhenkce-lokoma ngelixa uqinisekisa ukufudumeza okufanayo. Kwizinto ezisebenzayo, kwizinto ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokukhenkceza{5}}umgangatho wokomisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, okufana nomkhenkce{6}}ukomisa amanye amayeza aseTshayina axabisekileyo kunye nokukhenkceza{7}}ukomisa kokutya okukhethekileyo, ukuqhutywa{8}}iradiation composite vacuum vacuum freeze dryer kunganika umdlalo opheleleyo kwiinzuzo ezingcono zonyango{9
